What is the relationship between specific phylogenetic lineages of Klebsiella pneumoniae and the risk of death in bloodstream infections?

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Topic
Klebsiella pneumoniae species complex (KpSC) bloodstream infections (BSIs) are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in elderly and multimorbid patients. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains have been linked to poorer outcomes. However, the clinical impact of specific KpSC phylogenetic lineages on BSI outcomes has not been thoroughly investigated.

From: "Risk of death in Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infections is associated with specific phylogenetic lineages", Journal of Infection, Volume 88, Issue 5, May 2024, 106155
Answer
The study found that Klebsiella variicola and global MDR-associated Kp clonal groups (CGs) were associated with a higher 30-day fatality rate compared to other Kp CGs. Specifically:
Klebsiella variicola: 30-day case-fatality rate was 16.9% (aHR 1.86, CI 1.10–3.17, p = 0.02).
Global MDR-associated Kp CGs: 30-day case-fatality rate was 17.0% (aHR 1.52, CI 0.98–2.38, p = 0.06).
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