What is the role of integrins in the metastatic potential of bladder cancer cells, and how does Artesunate (ART) modulate their expression?

Label:chem

Topic
Integrins are transmembrane receptors that mediate cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix and play a critical role in cancer metastasis. Their expression and function are often altered in cancer cells, contributing to increased metastatic potential.
Answer
Integrins, particularly α2, α3, α6, and β1, are highly expressed in bladder cancer cells and contribute to their metastatic potential by facilitating adhesion, migration, and invasion. Artesunate (ART) significantly down-regulates the expression of these integrins at both the cell surface and total protein levels. Additionally, ART reduces the expression of integrin-related signaling proteins such as FAK, pFAK, and ILK. This modulation of integrin expression and signaling by ART leads to a significant reduction in the metastatic potential of bladder cancer cells, making it a promising therapeutic strategy for treating advanced or therapy-resistant bladder cancer.
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