What is the most efficient ethanol concentration for extracting tocopherols and tocotrienols from Hypericum perforatum L. inflorescences?

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Topic
The study evaluated the efficiency of different hydroethanolic solutions (40.0–96.2% ethanol) for extracting tocopherols and tocotrienols from H. perforatum inflorescences. The efficiency of extraction was measured by the recovery rates of these compounds.

From: "Tocopherol and tocotrienol homologue recovery from Hypericum perforatum L. and extraction residues after hydroethanolic extraction", Industrial Crops and Products, Volume 224, February 2025, 120321
Answer
The study found that 70.0–90.0% ethanol hydroethanolic solutions are sufficient for the industrial production of tocotrienol-rich extracts from H. perforatum. These concentrations showed significant recovery rates of tocotrienols, especially δ-T3. Lower ethanol concentrations (below 60.0%) were inefficient for tocotrienol extraction but could be used for re-extraction with 96.2% ethanol to improve recovery.
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