How does disulfiram affect leukemia cells?

Label:chem

Topic
Disulfiram has shown antileukemic activity. Researchers investigated its biological effects on leukemia cells.
Answer
Disulfiram inhibits the viability of various acute lymphoblastic and myeloid leukemia cell lines, including patient-derived xenograft cells from high-risk and treatment-resistant patients. The drug rapidly induces oxidative stress and apoptosis in leukemia cells, with cell death largely caused by oxidative stress. It also increases levels of cleaved PARP (a marker of apoptosis) and the expression of oxidative stress pathway proteins such as nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2) and haem oxygenase 1 (HMOX1), and elevates the DNA damage marker phosphorylated H2A histone family, member X (yH2AX).
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