Why is ergothioneine considered a geroprotective compound, and how does it benefit aging organisms like Drosophila melanogaster?

Label:chem

Topic
Ergothioneine (EGT) is a naturally occurring amino acid recognized for its powerful antioxidant activity. Previous research has indicated its ability to extend lifespan in various model organisms, including

Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans, and to enhance telomerase activity. This study investigates the specific mechanisms through which EGT confers its anti-aging benefits in Drosophila.
Answer
Ergothioneine (EGT) exhibits geroprotective effects in

Drosophila melanogaster primarily by improving the intestinal barrier and activating intestinal autophagy. Its benefits include:



Attenuating Age-Related Gut Injuries: EGT reduces levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in intestinal enterocytes, decreases intestinal cell death, and helps preserve gut integrity in aging flies.


Improving Gut Morphology: EGT contributes to better gut morphology by maintaining the structure and shape of cell organelles and inducing intestinal autophagy. The activation of intestinal autophagy is also linked to the longevity effects mediated by EGT.



Modulating Gut Microbiota: The anti-aging effect of EGT depends on the presence of gut microbes. EGT administration leads to a decrease in the bacterial burden in aging flies. Rather than directly acting as an antibiotic, EGT is thought to promote the survival of beneficial bacteria and limit harmful ones by improving intestinal homeostasis, thereby maintaining microbial flora balance. This balance helps to delay the onset of age-related gastrointestinal disorders and enhances the overall health.
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