How does cytidine deaminase (CDD) affect gemcitabine efficacy?

Label:chem

Topic
Cytidine deaminase (CDD) is an enzyme that can degrade gemcitabine, a key chemotherapeutic agent used in pancreatic cancer treatment. The presence of CDD in bacteria can lead to gemcitabine resistance.
Answer
CDD enzymes, particularly the long isoform (CDDL) and short isoform (CDDS), can metabolize gemcitabine into its non-toxic metabolite, 2′,2′-difluorodeoxyuridine (dFdU). This metabolic conversion reduces the cytotoxicity of gemcitabine, leading to chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer cells. The study shows that both CDDL and CDDS can degrade gemcitabine, although the efficiency may vary depending on the bacterial strain.
Return to Home Chemical List
Knowledge you may be interested in
What role does gemcitabine play in pancreatic cancer treatment? What is the significance of PTGS2 in the context of AHR modulation and gemcitabine response? What is the role of ELAVL1 in gemcitabine resistance, and how does AHR modulation affect its function? How does the selective small-molecule AHR inhibitor BAY affect gemcitabine response in pancreatic cancer cells? What is the role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) in pancreatic cancer cells, and how does its modulation affect the response to gemcitabine? How can DHA be used in the synthesis of lactic acid? What are the potential side-reactions of DHA in aqueous solutions? How is DHA produced industrially? What is the role of DHA in glycolysis? What is the primary industrial application of dihydroxyacetone (DHA)? Which bacterial species are implicated in gemcitabine resistance through CDD-mediated degradation? What is the role of hydrazine hydrate in the synthesis of unprotected 3-aminoindoles? What is the significance of nitrostyrene in the synthesis of 3-aminoindoles? What are the key intermediates formed during the synthesis of 3-aminoindoles? What is the role of diethyl oxalate (DEO) in various industrial applications? What are the current methods for the production of Diethyl oxalate (DEO), and what are their limitations? What are the advantages of using the transesterification reaction of dimethyl oxalate (DMO) and ethanol (EtOH) to synthesize DEO? What is the role of Akypo® in the formulation for benzothiazole removal from textiles? How does the addition of 1-Dodecanol (C12OH) affect the properties of Akypo® formulations? What is the significance of benzothiazole in chemical study?