What role does gemcitabine play in pancreatic cancer treatment?

Label:chem

Topic
Gemcitabine is a chemotherapeutic agent commonly used in the treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). It is known for its ability to inhibit cancer cell proliferation by interfering with DNA synthesis.
Answer
Gemcitabine is a nucleoside analog that is converted into its active metabolite, 2′,2′-difluorodeoxyuridine (dFdU), within cancer cells. It inhibits DNA synthesis and repair, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. However, its efficacy can be compromised by bacterial cytidine deaminase (CDD) enzymes that degrade gemcitabine into non-toxic metabolites, contributing to chemoresistance.
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