What is the role of Monoamine Oxidase A (MAO-A) in the intratumoral serotonin axis and why are its inhibitors not preferred for cancer immunotherapy despite enhancing antitumor immunity?

Label:chem

Topic
MAO-A is an enzyme responsible for the degradation of serotonin. MAO-A inhibitors (MAOIs) have been studied for their effect on antitumor immunity.
Answer
Monoamine Oxidase A (MAO-A) is responsible for degrading serotonin (5-HT) into 5-hydroxyindolealdehyde (5-HIAL) within the T cell, thereby depleting 5-HT from the tumor microenvironment. While MAO-A inhibitors (MAOIs) can enhance antitumor immunity, their clinical use is limited by severe side effects, including serotonin syndrome and hypertensive crises, due to extensive drug interactions and non-selective MAO inhibition.
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