What is the reaction mechanism of Klason lignin in a lithium battery system?

Label:chem

Topic
Understanding the reaction mechanism of an electrode material in a battery system is essential for optimizing its performance. The mechanism involves the interaction of lithium ions with various functional groups present in the lignin.
Answer
The reaction mechanism of Klason lignin in a lithium battery system involves several steps. Initially, lithium ions interact with carbonyl groups (C=O) in lignin, resulting in a voltage plateau from 3.3 to 1.5V. Further discharge leads to the reduction of hydroxyl groups (–OH), causing a voltage drop from 1.5 to 1V. Finally, interactions with ether groups (C–O–C) occur below 1V. These reactions are irreversible, contributing to the overall specific capacity of the battery.
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