What is the significance of the hydrophobic cleft in actin for ligand binding?

Label:chem

Topic
The hydrophobic cleft of G-actin is a key region for binding of natural product toxins and actin-binding proteins. Understanding the interactions in this region is crucial for developing small molecule binders that can target actin.
Answer
The hydrophobic cleft is responsible for the binding of the hydrophobic tails of natural product toxins, which are crucial for their depolymerization effects. This region is dominated by hydrophobic interactions with residues such as Ile-135, Val-139, Tyr-143, Tyr-169, Leu-346, and Thr-351. These interactions can be exploited to design more efficient ligands.
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