How does the stability of anthocyanins vary with pH and what forms do they take under different pH conditions?

Label:chem

Topic
The stability and color of anthocyanins are influenced by several factors, including pH levels, exposure to light, temperature variations, and their molecular structure.
Answer
In acidic conditions, anthocyanins exhibit a red hue due to the formation of the flavylium cation, their most stable form. As pH increases, the color shifts to violet and then blue. In slightly acidic or neutral conditions, unstable equilibrium forms dominate, such as quinoidal bases, carbinol pseudo-base, and chalcone.
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