How does silane treatment modify the surface morphology of Cordia dichotoma fibers (CF)?

The surface morphology of natural fibers plays a crucial role in their mechanical and thermal properties. Surface modifications such as silane treatment can remove impurities and improve fiber-matrix adhesion by altering the fiber surface.

Silane treatment effectively modifies the surface morphology of Cordia dichotoma fibers. SEM images show that treated fibers have cleaner and more uneven surfaces compared to untreated fibers, indicating the removal of non-cellulosic components like lignin and hemicellulose. The treatment also reduces fiber diameter, resulting in a denser fiber structure. These modifications enhance fiber durability and mechanical properties. However, excessive silane treatment (2%) can lead to the formation of voids and reduced surface roughness, which may compromise fiber integrity and mechanical strength.