What is the effect of furan ring substitution on char formation in pendant furan-based epoxy resins?

Label:chem

Topic
PolyFDE has pendant, monosubstituted furan rings, while PolyMethyl-FDE has pendant, disubstituted furan rings.
Answer
When the furan ring is pendant, its substitution influences char formation. A disubstituted furan ring, as found in PolyMethyl-FDE, is more stable than a monosubstituted furan ring, as in PolyFDE. This increased stability minimizes the disubstituted ring's participation in additional reactions, leading to it potentially cleaving off earlier during thermal decomposition. This results in a lower final char yield for PolyMethyl-FDE (22.4±2.19%) compared to PolyFDE (38.6±0.7%).
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