What are the physiological activities of pyrrole-2-carboxaldehydes (Py-2-C) derived from fungi?

Py-2-C derivatives have been isolated from various fungal sources, including edible mushrooms and endophytic fungi. These compounds have been tested for various biological activities, such as antioxidant effects, cytotoxicity, and enzyme inhibition.

From: "Pyrrole-2-carboxaldehydes: Origins and Physiological Activities", Molecules 2023, 28(6), 2599;

Py-2-C derivatives from fungi exhibit a range of physiological activities. For example, a Py-2-C from Mycoleptodonoides aitchisonii showed strong NQO1-inducing activity. Compounds from Xylaria nigripes demonstrated antioxidant effects by inhibiting oxidative stress in vascular smooth muscle cells. Additionally, Py-2-C derivatives from Phlebopus portentosus exhibited neuroprotective effects against H2O2-induced oxidative stress. These findings suggest that Py-2-C derivatives from fungi have potential therapeutic applications in treating oxidative stress-related diseases and neurodegenerative conditions.