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Benzonitrile
CAS number: 100-47-0
Benzonitrile is a nitrile that is hydrogen cyanide in which the hydrogen has been replaced by a phenyl group. It is a member of benzenes and a nitrile.

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Synthesis of Benzonitrile 4
Synthesis of Benzonitrile 4
DOI: /10.1248/cpb.56.1026
A variety of functional groups (e.g., alkoxy, phenyl, methylthio, benzyloxy, trifluoromethyl, or chloro) were compatible with the conditions used. Arylsilanes bearing substituents at the para-, meta-, and ortho-positions were all converted to the corresponding benzonitriles (2b, 2h, and 2i, respectively) in good yields.
A variety of functional groups (e.g., alkoxy, phenyl, methylthio, benzyloxy, trifluoromethyl, or chloro) were compatible with the conditions used. Arylsilanes bearing substituents at the para-, meta-, and ortho-positions were all converted to the corresponding benzonitriles (2b, 2h, and 2i, respectively) in good yields.
DOI: /10.1021/ol400659p

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Related Questions and Answers

Q: What catalyzes the formation of benzonitrile from benzaldehyde?
A: Benzonitrile is synthesized via the ammoxidation of benzaldehyde, primarily using PtCN photocatalysts, as the Pt cocatalyst diminishes hydrogen adsorption, thereby enhancing the dehydrogenation process.
Q: What polycyclic aromatic molecules are revealed as exothermic pathways products from the reactions of benzonitrile ionic fragments with acetylene?
A: Exothermic pathways reveal the formation of various (polycyclic) aromatic molecules, including pentalene and phenylacetylene radical cations. A study also shows the unexpected formation of phenylcyclobutadiene radical cation (C10H8 ⋅ +).
Q: What are the primary ionic fragmentation products of benzonitrile upon dissociative ionization?
A: Upon dissociative ionization of benzonitrile, the cationic fragment structures with molecular formula C6H4⋅+ are identified as ortho(o)-benzyne and bicyclic meta(m)-benzyne due to HCN/HNC loss.
Q: Why is benzonitrile studied in astronomical environments?
A: Benzonitrile is studied to understand the interplay of bottom-up growth and top-down destruction processes of (polycyclic) aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in astronomical environments such as the interstellar medium or (exo)planetary atmospheres, particularly because its observed molecular abundances do not align with current astrochemical models.