How do dimethylamine (DMA) and diethylamine (DEA) impact the deactivation of Ziegler–Natta catalysts in polypropylene polymerization?

Label:chem

Topic
Ziegler–Natta (ZN) catalysts are widely used in polyolefin production, but their efficiency can be significantly reduced by the presence of certain impurities, such as amines. Understanding the mechanisms by which these amines deactivate the catalysts is crucial for improving industrial processes.
Answer
Dimethylamine (DMA) and diethylamine (DEA) both deactivate Ziegler–Natta catalysts by forming complexes with triethylaluminum (TEAL), which then adsorb onto the catalyst surface, blocking active sites. DMA forms a more stable complex with TEAL and adsorbs more strongly onto the catalyst surface, leading to significant deactivation even at lower concentrations.
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