Why is the unsymmetrical PN3P-Mn(I) complex effective for the hydrogenation of organic carbonates and formate derivatives under 1 atm of H₂?

Most catalytic systems for the hydrogenation of organic carbonates require high pressure of hydrogen or elevated temperatures. The PN3P-Mn(I) complex incorporates a post-modified anionic ligand that enhances electron donation to the Mn center and avoids reversible dearomatization, leading to unique reactivity under milder conditions.

The unsymmetrical PN3P-Mn(I) complex is effective under 1 atm of H₂ due to its post-modified anionic PN3P ligand, which increases electron density at the metal center and facilitates efficient hydrogenation without the need for high-pressure hydrogen. This design supports the conversion of carbonates and formate derivatives into formaldehyde and alcohols under milder, more sustainable conditions.