Fipronil
CAS number: 120068-37-3
Fipronil is a slow acting poison. When mixed with a bait it allows the poisoned insect time to return to the colony or haborage. In cockroaches the feces and carcass can contain sufficient residual pesticide to kill others in the same nesting site. In ants, the sharing of the bait among colony members assists in the spreading of the poison throughout the colony. With the cascading effect, the projected kill rate is about 95% in 3 days for ants and cockroaches.
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A: FIP and IMID impaired the mobility of copepods (Acartia tonsa) at concentrations as low as 0.003 μg L⁻¹, with EC10 and EC20 values of 1.7 μg L⁻¹ and 2.8 μg L⁻¹ for FIP, and 2.59 μg L⁻¹ and 7.6 μg L⁻¹ for IMID. In mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis), FIP and IMID caused significant lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the digestive glands and gills, indicating oxidative stress. IMID also increased acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the digestive glands at concentrations between 0.5 and 5.0 μg L⁻¹.
A: A study found that FIP and IMID persist in water for at least 60 days, with concentrations of 0.50 μg L⁻¹ for FIP and 0.18 μg L⁻¹ for IMID in wastewater samples. These concentrations are significantly higher than those reported in freshwater environments, indicating a potential risk to aquatic ecosystems.