Gallic Acid
CAS number: 149-91-7
Gallic acid is a trihydroxybenzoic acid in which the hydroxy groups are at positions 3, 4, and 5. It has a role as an astringent, a cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, a plant metabolite, an antioxidant, an antineoplastic agent, a human xenobiotic metabolite, an EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor, an apoptosis inducer and a geroprotector. It is a conjugate acid of a gallate.
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A: A total of 36 bioactive compounds were identified. They were classified into 11 types: 2 chromones (noreugenin, 3,5,7-trihydroxychromone), 15 flavonoids (e.g., ampelopsin, quercetin, myricetin), 4 phenolic acids (gallic, syringic, ellagic, 3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxybenzoic), 5 tea polyphenols (EGC, EGG, GCG, ECG, CG), 3 chalcones (phloridzin, phloretin, naringenin chalcone), 1 stilbene (polydatin), 2 lipids (myristic acid, ethyl stearate), 1 sugar (D-gluconic acid), 1 amino acid (L-tryptophan), 1 triterpenoid (oleanolic acid), and 1 alkaloid (jervine).