Protonated arginine refers to the form of the amino acid arginine in which the guanidino group (–C(=NH)NH₂) is fully protonated, carrying a positive charge. This occurs under physiological pH (~7.4), where arginine's side chain remains positively charged due to its high pKa (~12.5).
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Synthetic approaches to argifin. Path A: All-solid-phase approach. Path B: Previous combined solid-phase–solution approach.
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A: Deuterated ammonia (ND3) acts as the deuterating agent in the H/D exchange reactions, facilitating the exchange of hydrogen atoms on protonated arginine and its peptide derivatives.